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Minerals: These are the Most Important Nutrients in Your Diet

Minerals are essential for our body. But which are the most important ones and what effect do they have? And what is the difference to vitamins?

Minerals: why do we need them?

Minerals are vital for our organism (to survive). They ensure that everything, really everything, works well – from the bones to digestion and cell renewal. Like vitamins, minerals are micronutrients that the body needs in addition to macronutrients – carbohydrates, proteins and fats – to regulate metabolic processes. They are important for the electrolyte and water balance, for the immune system and indispensable for the structure and function of bones, muscles and teeth. The body also needs minerals for vision and the nervous system, and they are involved in blood clotting and reproduction.

However, our body cannot produce the micronutrients on its own – but we can support it by eating the right foods. Minerals are found as inorganic food components in various animal and vegetable foods. You can read about which minerals are in which foods at the end of the article.

How many minerals does the body need?

In order for the processes in the body to work properly, the supply of minerals and vitamins must be right. But how many minerals does the body need? Because this is not so easy to assess, there are official nutrient recommendations. In German-speaking countries, the D-A-CH reference values ​​are the standard. These reference values ​​indicate the amount of nutrients a person should consume in order to stay fit and healthy. Incidentally, there are also these recommendations for the other nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and also for energy, water, fiber and alcohol.

The reference values ​​are initially based on the nutrient requirement – i.e. the amount of nutrients that is necessary to avoid a deficiency. This requirement is increased by 20 to 30% because it is an average value: this means that the reference values ​​are usually higher than the actual nutrient requirements. Individual needs vary from person to person and depend on many things such as age, gender or metabolism.

If you eat a balanced diet, you shouldn’t have any problems with deficiency symptoms: Most people in Germany are adequately supplied. However, there are some risk groups that should pay special attention to their mineral intake. They include pregnant and breastfeeding women and the sick, but also people with a lot of stress, an unbalanced diet, special diets and vegan diets. If you belong to one of these groups, you can take minerals in a targeted manner: either through dietary supplements or – and we recommend this – by eating the right foods.

Minerals: bulk and trace elements

Minerals are required by the body in different amounts and are divided into bulk and trace elements depending on their content in the body.

The bulk elements include: sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chlorine, phosphorus and sulfur. They occur in a concentration of over 50 mg per kg of body weight.

Trace elements, on the other hand – as the name suggests – only occur in traces in the body. They are only found in the body in concentrations of less than 50 mg per kg. The minerals iron, iodine, fluoride, zinc, selenium, copper, manganese, chromium and molybdenum are considered trace elements. A special feature is the mineral iron: Although it occurs in a concentration of around 60 mg per kg of body weight – it should therefore theoretically belong to the bulk elements – due to the similarity of its functions to the trace elements, iron is counted to this subgroup of minerals. The most important minerals and their functions at a glance: Many types of fruit and vegetables contain minerals.

The most important minerals and their functions at a glance

Minerals have different functions and are found in different foods. We give you a brief overview of the most important minerals here – if you want more detailed information, browse through the linked articles on the individual minerals.

Magnesium is important for the muscles and enzymes that stimulate metabolism – it also ensures strong bones and is involved in the storage and release of hormones. The mineral is found in many plant sources such as spinach, kohlrabi, nuts and sunflower seeds, wholemeal bread and legumes.
Calcium: Teeth and bones need enough calcium (or calcium) to grow and remain stable – children in particular should therefore always consume enough of the mineral. But it also strengthens your cell walls, helps make hormones, and plays a role in blood clotting. If you are deficient, calcium is “pulled” out of the bones and into the blood, which can cause osteoporosis. It is therefore best to eat enough green vegetables such as broccoli, kale, algae or nuts – dairy products such as cheese and yoghurt also contain a lot of calcium.
Sodium: This mineral is found in almost all foods – especially table salt and salty products. You need sodium for your water balance, your blood pressure, the activity of enzymes and your acid-base balance. However, be careful not to eat too much salt – too much sodium can cause problems with high blood pressure, edema, drowsiness and restlessness.
Phosphorus: Just like calcium, phosphorus is important for teeth and bone formation. In addition, the muscles need the mineral to convert energy into movement and it is a building block of our genetic make-up. Phosphorus is added to industrially processed foods in particular – but even if you do without such products in everyday life, you don’t have to worry about a deficiency here: The substance is found in protein-containing products, legumes, nuts, most types of fruit and vegetables and also in Meat, fish, eggs and dairy products.
Potassium is extremely important for the transmission of nerve signals, water and electrolyte balance as well as for good muscle function. You can find it in many foods, especially spinach, potatoes, kale, mushrooms, and nuts.

Chloride: The mineral is related to sodium and potassium and is a component of stomach acid and bones. In addition, chloride regulates the water balance and is involved in the acid-base balance. A good source of chloride is table salt. You can also cover your chloride needs with foods such as salami, pork ham, kefir, milk or cheese.
Iron: is involved in the storage and transport of oxygen in the blood, blood formation and the regulation of numerous metabolic processes. The mineral is also important for brain development in children and adolescents. Menstruating women have an increased need. You can cover your needs with green vegetables such as spinach, kale, broccoli, brown rice and other whole grain products or with animal products such as meat or offal.
Iodine: As an essential component of the thyroid hormones, iodine is involved in growth and maturation, heat production and energy metabolism. Iodized salt is a good source of iodine.
Fluoride is a component of bones and teeth, it promotes the development of tooth substance and inhibits the growth of caries bacteria. You can get fluoride from mineral water, fluoridated salt, or black tea.
Zinc: The trace element is a component of many enzymes and the antioxidant protection system, it is also involved in growth and development, influences hormone metabolism and the immune system. Because our body cannot store the mineral well, we depend on a continuous supply – for example through whole grain products, oatmeal, milk and milk products or meat.
Selenium protects against oxidative damage, influences blood clotting, is involved in thyroid metabolism and stimulates the immune system. You can cover your needs with potatoes, brown rice, peanuts, asparagus, wholemeal bread or hazelnuts.
Copper has many functions in the body. Among other things, it helps with the mobilization and transport of iron, protects against free radicals and contributes to the coloring of eyes, hair and skin. Nuts – especially cashews – salsify, artichokes and whole grains are good suppliers of copper.
Manganese supports the development of connective tissue, protects against free radicals and is involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Blueberries are a particularly good source, but blackberries, spinach, strawberries, kale or wholemeal rye bread also help to cover your daily needs.
Chromium supports the absorption of glucose from the blood and thus ensures a balanced blood sugar level. You can meet your needs with foods such as mushrooms, Brussels sprouts, spinach and tomatoes.
Molybdenum is a component of enzymes and is found in foods such as red cabbage, green beans, peas, peanuts and whole grain products.

Minerals vs. vitamins: A distinction

Both minerals and vitamins are micronutrients and very important for your body: They influence all life activities, so a deficiency can have serious consequences. But the fundamental difference between vitamins and minerals lies in their origin: vitamins are organic compounds in the body, while minerals are inorganic components.

You need both micronutrients for a healthy and functioning organism: Both vitamins and minerals are involved in numerous metabolic processes, they play a major role in the electrolyte and water balance, are for the immune system and for the structure and function of bones, muscles and teeth indispensable. They are also necessary for vision and the nervous system and are involved in blood clotting and in the processes of reproduction, cell division and differentiation.

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Puy Lentils: Facts about Nutrients and Uses

Puy lentils come from cultivation areas in France and are characterized by their green color and nutty taste. Here you can find out more about the nutritional values, use and sustainability of this special type of lentil.

Puy lenses are named after the French town of Le-Puy-en-Velay, which is in Auvergne. They grow in mountainous locations on volcanic soil. The Puy lentils name is protected and can only be given to lentils grown in specific communes around the city. In other regions of France they are simply called “green lentils”.

This simple name already indicates an optical specialty: With their green-black speckled pattern, Puy lentils are very eye-catching and can be easily distinguished from other varieties. When cooking, however, the color fades significantly.

Like other types of lentils, Puy lentils are nutritious and provide many minerals. You can use them in different dishes. We will introduce you to the lentil variety and also take a look at its sustainability.

Puy lentils and their nutritional values

100 grams of Puy lentils have about 286 calories. Like other legumes, they are very high in protein and contain a lot of fiber, but also a lot of carbohydrates. The respective information may vary from product to product. On average, the following nutritional values apply to 100 grams of uncooked Puy lentils:

Egg white: 25.7 g
Carbohydrates: 45.7 g
Fat: 1.43g
Fiber: 11.4 g
In addition, Puy lentils provide valuable minerals, especially iron (8.1 mg) and phosphorus (354 mg). 100 grams of the lentils can already cover a large part of the daily requirement of both minerals for adults.

Puy lenses: properties and uses

Puy lentils are characterized by a very intense nutty taste. They also retain a firm consistency after cooking and do not fall apart.

How to prepare Puy lentils:

You don’t need to soak Puy lentils before cooking them – just wash them thoroughly.
Then bring two to three times the amount of water to a boil in a saucepan, add the lentils and then turn the heat down to low.
Let the Puy lentils simmer for 20 to 30 minutes.
Due to its firm consistency, the green lentil variety is particularly suitable for lentil salads. But you can also use them in lentil soups or simply serve them as an accompaniment to various dishes. Spices that go well with Puy lentils include thyme, rosemary and bay leaves. As with other types of lentils, add salt or vinegar just before the end of cooking.

Are Puy lenses sustainable?

A special feature of the cultivation of Puy lentils is that (according to industry information) they traditionally do without fertilizers and even without irrigation. This not only makes them cheaper to grow, but also more resource-efficient.

Because Puy lentils can officially only be grown in Auvergne, they are basically imported goods. This means that they may cover longer transport routes than lenses from Germany and cause more CO2 emissions. Since Germany and France border each other, French lentils still have a significantly better ecological balance than those from more distant countries. Lentils often come from India, Turkey or the USA, for example.

However, as an alternative to “real” Puy lentils, you can also use green lentils from other sources. Occasionally, the variety is even grown in Germany, for example in Baden-Württemberg. Green lentils often lack the special speckle pattern of Puy lentils – but they have comparable properties in terms of taste and consistency.

You can also get other types of lentils from regional farmers: The main German growing areas for lentils are in the Swabian Alb and in Lower Bavaria. For lentil salad, you can use mountain lentils instead of green lentils, for example. They won’t be quite as al dente, but will still retain a stable texture if you don’t overcook them. For lentil soup, on the other hand, lentils are ideal, as they disintegrate more during preparation.

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Nutrition From The Age of 50: Your Body Now Needs These Vitamins and Nutrients

A balanced diet is not only important with increasing age. You can find out here which vitamins the body urgently needs from the age of 50 and when food supplements can make sense.

This is how your body changes as you age

Some of the changes in your body as you age are quite obvious on the outside. Gray hair, less elastic skin, a tummy or a slightly less dynamic gait. Other changes are more internal. Muscle and bone mass decrease, tendons are no longer as supple. You may also notice that over time you can no longer see and hear as well and that it is increasingly difficult to remember things. All of these are perfectly normal symptoms of aging.

Of course, that doesn’t sound particularly nice. But even if your physical performance decreases with age, this does not automatically mean that it also reduces your quality of life. Especially since your biological age does not necessarily have to match your actual age. There are a number of things you can do to stay fit as you get older.

50 plus: Your body needs that now

According to the medical journal, every fourth person in old age is undersupplied with vitamin B12. This vitamin is particularly important for cell division, blood formation and nerve formation. Age-related changes in the gastrointestinal tract can make it difficult or even impossible to absorb this vitamin from food. Vitamin B12 is found in animal products such as meat, fish, seafood, eggs and dairy products. Even if this vitamin can be stored in the body, the body is dependent on a regular supply through food.

Basically, B vitamins support your carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism as well as the metabolism of the brain, muscles and nerves. They are also important for blood formation, your immune system and the fight against inflammation in the body. Therefore, a deficiency has several negative effects on your body and your well-being. Vitamin D is also one of the essential vitamins whose production in the body decreases with age. It is mainly formed under the influence of light. However, because mobility decreases with age and outdoor activities take place less frequently, undersupply can occur. Vitamin D intake in conjunction with calcium is recommended to prevent osteoporosis. Vitamin A is also known as the “eye vitamin” and is important for vision. Yellow and orange fruits and vegetables (e.g. broccoli) are good sources here.

Vitamin C fights the harmful free radicals in the body and helps protect the immune system. Although citrus fruits such as oranges or lemons are always named as the main suppliers, there are some vegetables that outperform them in terms of vitamin C. They also come predominantly from local cultivation, such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts and kale. In addition to vitamins, minerals such as magnesium, sodium, zinc and trace elements of iron, iodine and zinc are indispensable. For example, iron supports the oxygen transport in your body and takes over functions in the formation of hormones and important messenger substances. Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormones and promotes cell division and tissue growth. Zinc supports the healing of wounds and is also important for strengthening your immune system.

diet, water, exercise and sleep

With a balanced diet with mostly fresh ingredients, you can provide your body with all the important vitamins and nutrients. If you still drink 2-3 liters of water every day and treat yourself to some exercise every day, then you have already done a lot for your well-being. As a rule, it is therefore not necessary to help with food supplements. You should also give your body enough sleep, which it needs to regenerate.

Dietary supplements can help both people over the age of 50 and people with certain diseases, such as chronic inflammatory bowel disease, to meet the increased need while eating a less balanced diet. However, dietary supplements should not be taken carelessly, as undesirable side effects such as kidney damage can occur. Water-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin C or B, are generally safer in the event of an overdose because they are easily excreted through the kidneys or urine. Nevertheless, too high a dose of vitamin B, for example, can lead to gastrointestinal disorders and dizzy spells. Fat-soluble vitamins such as A, D or E, on the other hand, accumulate in the body. If you take too much into the body via appropriate preparations, nausea, headaches or drowsiness and dizziness can be the result.

So before you want to consume vitamin preparations or dietary supplements, you should first discuss this with your family doctor. A blood count reveals very quickly whether there is a deficiency and if so, what it is. You should also keep in mind that many foods, such as fruit juices, breakfast cereals or certain yoghurts, are already fortified with vitamins.

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Lower Risk of Dementia: These Foods and Nutrients Are Important For Your Brain

You can keep your brain fit through your diet. If you want to reduce your risk of dementia, there are some foods that you can incorporate into your diet. Here is a list of the most important nutrients.

Reduce risk of dementia: These nutrients are particularly important for your brain

Alzheimer’s research assumes that a targeted and conscious diet has a strong influence on the development of our brain. Of course, there is no specific recipe that helps against dementia. Still, certain foods can help with prevention.

Although our brain makes up only a fraction of our body weight, it accounts for about 20 percent of our energy needs. The ideal diet to reduce the risk of dementia consists of various components.

Nutrient combination to prevent dementia:
Secondary plant substances: The polyphenols ensure better blood flow in the brain and are intended to counteract dementia
Vitamins C and E: high doses of these antioxidant vitamins are said to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s
“Nerve” vitamins from the B group, especially B6, B12 and folic acid (B9): Deficiencies in these vitamins are associated with memory problems and an early stage of Alzheimer’s dementia
Omega-3 fatty acids: The fatty acids are said to have a positive effect on the brain and improve memory and everyday skills

1. Polyphenols (plant substances): Tea, coffee and vegetables help against dementia

In addition to water, which we should drink enough of every day, we should also have two to three cups of coffee, black or green tea. The polyphenols it contains stimulate blood circulation in the brain. The secondary plant substance is also contained in red wine. Here, too, a glass in the evening is fine.

3. Vitamin C: Dark berries are said to protect against Alzheimer’s

Vitamin C reduces plaque formation in our vessels, which is considered a risk factor for dementia. Fresh fruit should be included in every diet. Here, too, the German Society for Nutrition (DGE) recommends that two meals of 250 grams each are best.

4. B-group “nerve” vitamins: Beans, peas and lentils help the brain cells

Legumes contain plenty of natural B vitamins, folic acid and polyphenols for the brain. B vitamins are healthy and stimulate communication between cells and each other. They increase the performance of the brain and protect against memory disorders.

5. Whole grain: Reduce the risk of dementia with the brain food par excellence

Whole grain products contain a lot of dietary fiber. The complex carbohydrates help to keep the blood sugar level constant and thereby increase the ability to concentrate. The amino acids it contains, such as methionine, have also proven to be particularly valuable for healthy brain function.

6. Omega-3 fatty acids: Oil for a fit brain – reduce the risk of dementia

Omega-3 fatty acids are among the “good fats”. They are said to protect against cardiovascular diseases and improve metabolism. But the fats are also supposed to help against dementia. Omega-3 increases the performance of the brain and helps us with our daily processes. Top omega-3 suppliers include flaxseed oil, chia seeds, and walnuts.

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Lower Tisk of Dementia: These Foods and Nutrients Are Important For Your Brain

You can keep your brain fit through your diet. If you want to reduce your risk of dementia, there are some foods that you can incorporate into your diet. Here is a list of the most important nutrients.

Reduce risk of dementia: These nutrients are particularly important for your brain

Alzheimer’s research assumes that a targeted and conscious diet has a strong influence on the development of our brain. Of course, there is no specific recipe that helps against dementia. Still, certain foods can help with prevention.

Although our brain makes up only a fraction of our body weight, it accounts for about 20 percent of our energy needs. The ideal diet to reduce the risk of dementia consists of various components.

Nutrient combination to prevent dementia:
Secondary plant substances: The polyphenols ensure better blood flow in the brain and are intended to counteract dementia
Vitamins C and E: high doses of these antioxidant vitamins are said to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s
“Nerve” vitamins from the B group, especially B6, B12 and folic acid (B9): Deficiencies in these vitamins are associated with memory problems and an early stage of Alzheimer’s dementia
Omega-3 fatty acids: The fatty acids are said to have a positive effect on the brain and improve memory and everyday skills

1. Polyphenols (plant substances): Tea, coffee and vegetables help against dementia

In addition to water, which we should drink enough of every day, we should also have two to three cups of coffee, black or green tea. The polyphenols it contains stimulate blood circulation in the brain. The secondary plant substance is also contained in red wine. Here, too, a glass in the evening is fine.

It is obvious – the secondary plant substances are also found in vegetables. Since secondary plant substances bring the color to the vegetables, it is advisable to eat colorful food in order to get a bit of everything. As for the amount: The German Society for Nutrition (DGE) recommends three servings of vegetables per day. One serving (400 grams) is about the amount of vegetables that fits in the palm of your hand. Aside from the few calories, vegetables are high in polyphenols and the brain-friendly folic acid.

2. Vitamin C: Dark berries are said to protect against Alzheimer’s

Vitamin C reduces plaque formation in our vessels, which is considered a risk factor for dementia. Fresh fruit should be included in every diet. Here, too, the German Society for Nutrition (DGE) recommends that two meals of 250 grams each are best.

According to the DGE, sea buckthorn berries (juice), peppers, black currants and parsley (all offer over 100 milligrams per 100 grams of vitamin C) contain a lot of vitamin C. However, kale, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, lemon, kiwi and lychee also work.

3. B-group “nerve” vitamins: Beans, peas and lentils help the brain cells

Legumes contain plenty of natural B vitamins, folic acid and polyphenols for the brain. B vitamins are healthy and stimulate communication between cells and each other. They increase the performance of the brain and protect against memory disorders.

As an alternative to beans, peas, lentils and the like, tofu schnitzel, falafel or hummus can also be used. The vitamins are also included here.

4. Whole grain: Reduce the risk of dementia with the brain food par excellence

Whole grain products contain a lot of dietary fiber. The complex carbohydrates help to keep the blood sugar level constant and thereby increase the ability to concentrate. The amino acids it contains, such as methionine, have also proven to be particularly valuable for healthy brain function.

5. Omega-3 fatty acids: Oil for a fit brain – reduce the risk of dementia

Omega-3 fatty acids are among the “good fats”. They are said to protect against cardiovascular diseases and improve metabolism. But the fats are also supposed to help against dementia. Omega-3 increases the performance of the brain and helps us with our daily processes. Top omega-3 suppliers include flaxseed oil, chia seeds, and walnuts.

All of the foods mentioned can be combined into wonderful recipes and thus contribute in a delicious way to reducing the risk of dementia. So you can do something for your physical and mental fitness at the same time.

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The Hazelnut: Supplier of Vitamin B and Nutrients With The Dark Side

We love the hazelnut. Roasted, ground, in nut mixes for nibbling, in cookies, tarts and cakes, as schnapps, liqueur, nougat chocolate or creamy chocolate spread. Without hazelnuts, the world of sweet temptations would be a lot poorer and more boring.

But not only that: the hazelnut – like many other types of nuts – seems to have positive effects on memory and cholesterol levels. Hazelnuts are said to help with weight loss and increase overall performance. Known and valued as a food since time immemorial, hazelnuts often play a role in fairy tales and stories.

A super nut that has always made people happy, smart and slim. And it grows wild and without extensive care on almost every corner of Europe. So off to the next hedge, harvested the hazelnuts there and found the ultimate addition to your own diet? Well, it’s not that simple after all.

A hazelnut tree is not a hazelnut bush

Hazelnut is hazelnut. The small dark brown seeds of the hazelnut bush from the hedge in the nearby forest are collected there, then roasted and processed. Perhaps there are still plantations where hazelnut hedges line up next to hazelnut hedges. But everything here in Central Europe, no long transport routes and controlled quality? Mistake!

Because the majority of the hazelnuts sold in the trade do not come from our native common hazel, Corylus avellana, but from the Lambert’s hazel (Corylus maxima). Both species are closely related, so the term “hazelnut” is a collective term for the fruits of both species.

But while the common hazel develops those shrubs that we associate with “hazelnut”, the Lambert’s hazel grows as a shrub – or as a hazelnut tree. Even if the two varieties are very similar, the Lambert hazel prefers a warmer, more Mediterranean climate. Consequently, almost 90 percent of our hazelnuts sold here come from either Turkey or Italy.

Our ancestors knew: The hazelnut is healthy

The hunters and gatherers of the Stone Age held hazelnuts in high esteem. The extremely high-fat and therefore high-calorie hazelnut was a coveted source of energy in the cold winter and up to spring if stored correctly. Originally probably native to the area of ​​today’s Turkey, the common hazel quickly spread across Central Europe – our ancestors probably brought the hazelnuts with them.

The Romans, Germans and Celts also considered nuts to be valuable food. Of course, nobody was concerned with the ingredients of hazelnuts at the time. But from observation and experience, it was already known back then that nut eaters are healthier and live longer. Scientific studies are now examining these effects, and they seem to confirm the experiences of our ancestors.

What’s in the hazelnut? The ingredients

When it comes to the ingredients of hazelnuts, the fat content comes first at 63 percent. The positive thing about this is that the majority (around 45 percent) are mono- or polyunsaturated fatty acids. The associated energy value is negative: 100 g hazelnuts hit the hips with 650 kcal. The many calories have given hazelnuts the reputation of being fattening foods. That is only partially true – because they are also very filling and can lower the cholesterol level. In addition, the hazelnut is full of valuable nutrients. It is rich in B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, B9), calcium, potassium, magnesium and trace elements such as zinc and copper. That is why nutritionists, including the DGE, even recommend frequent consumption of hazelnuts. Because of the calories but please only in moderation!

Roast hazelnuts – and everything is gone?

The brown nut kernels are usually available roasted, whether as whole hazelnuts, chopped or ground. Now the hazelnuts are heated when roasting in a pan or oven (industrial these are only much larger than at home) – and heat, as is well known, destroys the valuable ingredients in many foods. The same applies to processing in hazelnut cake, hazelnut ice cream or hazelnut liqueur if the hazelnuts are heated at least briefly. However, the hazelnut is an exception: its ingredients, especially the fatty acids, change only minimally when heated. The unsaturated fatty acids and minerals of the hazelnut are retained. However, this also applies to allergens. The allergens are only reduced when they are heavily processed, such as in nougat or hazelnut spreads.

Hazelnut cookies, hazelnut cake and other recipes with hazelnuts

Speaking of processing, let’s take a look at the sweet side of hazelnuts. As a versatile talent, we encounter it in almost all types of sweets. Cookies, nut cake, macaroons and many other baked goods based on hazelnuts make the hearts of those with a sweet tooth beat faster, especially around Christmas.

For those who prefer it spicy, chicken with hazelnuts would be a nice change on the plate. The hazelnut also cuts a fine figure with schnapps or vodka. And as hazelnut milk, the all-rounder is a tasty alternative to cow’s milk.

About the effects and undesirable effects of hazelnuts

What effects does the hazelnut have exactly? Observational studies have shown that regular consumption of nuts can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (such as heart attacks). The risk factors of such diseases are therefore primarily examined: cholesterol levels, blood lipids and blood sugar levels. While hazelnuts seem to have less of an impact on blood lipids and blood sugar, they lower cholesterol levels significantly. One of the secondary plant substances in hazelnuts also had a positive effect on the brain and memory in animal experiments. It is not yet clear why or how exactly the hazelnut works. Still, nuts are a worthwhile area of ​​research in the face of an aging society.

But what works also has side effects. In the case of hazelnuts, these are allergies. These can range from mild (tingling, nettle-like sensation in the mouth) to severe (shortness of breath). Interestingly, hazelnut allergy has different triggers in different groups of people. Children react differently than adults and North/West Europeans differently than Southern Europeans. Since there is no treatment yet, the only option for those allergic to hazelnuts is to avoid products containing hazelnuts. The good news: allergy sufferers with the mild form generally tolerate highly processed products such as hazelnut spreads quite well.

Monopolies and the downside of hazelnuts

The hazelnut is delicious, also and especially healthy for a vegan lifestyle, probably even prolongs life and supports healthy aging. So everything is great, isn’t it? A proverb says that where there is light, there is also shadow – this is certainly true of the hazelnut. Hazelnut bushes thrive best in moderately warm climates. The harvest in Central Europe is correspondingly small. In any case, far too little to satisfy our hunger for hazelnuts in a wide variety of preparation forms.

About 80 percent of the global hazelnut harvest comes from Turkey, around 15 percent from Italy. Concentrating on a single, leading growing area worldwide is accompanied by a variety of problems: Monocultures – in order to be able to meet demand, plant protection products and pesticides are always used. In addition, the harvest volume available worldwide (and thus the world market price) is heavily dependent on the weather in the main growing region. In 2014, for example, a single frosty night in Turkey caused a “hazelnut crisis”. Prices went up, and hazelnut chocolate, nougat and the like became more expensive for us. In order to save the remaining harvest, more fertilizer was used and sprayed.

From an ecological point of view, the quasi-monopoly on hazelnuts is not exactly sensible and sustainable. And that’s not even the hazelnut’s biggest problem.

Harvesting hazelnuts – the dark side of (market) power

The hazelnut harvest is manual work, still. The hazelnuts must be picked individually from bushes or trees. In Turkey, the protection of children and young people is not particularly strictly observed. And because there are not enough adult unskilled workers available to harvest the amount in the short period of time, children from the age of ten work in the Turkish hazelnut plantations. ZEIT has published an article on this subject that is well worth reading.

The fact is well known, including Ferrero, one of the largest confectionery manufacturers and hazelnut buyers. The group disapproves of child labor, but there are no active countermeasures. The German confectionery industry takes a clearer position through its federal association BDSI. By participating in projects to combat child labor and sustainable cultivation methods, the BDSI is at least taking concrete steps to make our sweets more sustainable. Also because that is a criterion for success on the European market.

No hazelnuts are also not a solution

Hazelnuts make up a majority of our favorite bakeries and sweets. But the majority of hazelnuts are produced under ecologically and socially questionable conditions. In terms of sustainability, we would therefore have to do without all products with hazelnuts, grated or roasted hazelnuts and all nut mixtures. At least until all manufacturers have switched to sustainable organic hazelnuts.

A life without hazelnut cream? Never again chocolate? An ugly scenario, we thought. So we started looking for alternatives. And indeed: they exist, the hazelnut from German, organic cultivation. In Bavaria, for example, a number of organic farms have joined forces to grow hazelnuts in plantations and market them together; the fruits are offered in various shops in Germany. However, you have to search specifically, read labels or ask questions to find the “good” hazelnuts. A competent contact is the Association of Bavarian Hazelnut Growers. You can also order regionally grown hazelnuts (shelled/shelled) and hazelnut-based products through his website (simply click on one of the product descriptions and then download the order form).

Of course, you should still avoid industrially processed products, you never know which hazelnuts have actually been processed. Simply make your own hazelnut-based chocolate, biscuits, cakes or Nutella alternative (see our instructions). It may be a bit more complicated, but it is also guaranteed to be organic, sustainable and without harmful additives. In any case, the chocolate tastes even better for us. And maybe the idea of ​​taking the hazelnuts from the nearest hedge, preferably in your own garden, is not so wrong?

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Bulgur: Origin, Sustainability and Nutrients

Bulgur is a popular alternative to rice, noodles and the like – with an oriental flair! Here you can find out what bulgur is, where it comes from and which basic recipe you use to prepare it.

Bulgur has its home in the Middle East, where it is still an integral part of the local cuisine. Bulgur has also found its way to us from Iran, Lebanon and Turkey. Bulgur is not only enjoying increasing popularity in vegetarian and vegan cuisine: for many, bulgur brings a refreshing change to the menu.

Bulgur – wholesome grain from the Middle East

Grains are the base from which bulgur is made. Traditionally, bulgur is made from durum wheat. How bulgur is made:
The whole grains are first soaked in water for several hours.
They are then dried and roasted for several hours.
Finally, the roasted grains are roughly broken up.
The gentle and lengthy production method makes bulgur particularly easy to digest.

Bulgur from the local field

In addition to bulgur made from durum wheat, there are also variants based on buckwheat, spelt and barley in organic quality. That means: Even if bulgur has its origins in the Middle East, you can buy it from regional cultivation. Locally produced bulgur means:
a lower energy consumption
shorter transport routes
and support for local farmers.
Conventionally produced bulgur is also often bleached with caustic soda to give it its light, almost white colour. You can get unbleached bulgur from organic farming. As a rule, caustic soda is not used here.

Bulgur is that healthy

Because the whole grain is processed, bulgur is packed with vitamins, fiber, minerals, and nutrients. Bulgur is a high-quality food and also keeps you full for a long time. 100 grams of bulgur contains about 76 grams of carbohydrates and has about 340 calories. If you suffer from gluten intolerance, you can use buckwheat bulgur.

Bulgur goes with (almost) everything

Slightly salted and sprinkled with some chopped parsley, bulgur is a delicious alternative to rice. The bulgur prepared in this way is also the main ingredient for tabbouleh, an oriental salad with bulgur, cucumber, tomato and mint. Due to its relatively neutral taste, bulgur can also be used to conjure up delicious desserts.

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Food

Parsley Root: Preparation, Effects and Nutrients

The parsley root wrongly leads a culinary shadowy existence. The beet is a regional winter vegetable that can be prepared in many ways and scores with many nutrients.

The parsley root – a regional winter vegetable

The parsley root is an ancient subspecies of parsley that ends in a cone-shaped, pointed root. This whitish root with brown transverse rings has a slightly sweet yet intensely spicy aroma reminiscent of parsley. It is particularly suitable for seasoning soups and vegetable stews, but it is also good on its own on the plate.

Parsley root is a classic winter vegetable: it is in season from late October through February and can be sourced locally. The beet also provides you with valuable nutrients in winter and can be used in many ways.

The parsley root is often confused with the very similar-looking parsnip. Both are white turnips with brownish transverse grooves. But you can tell them apart by their ends: the thick stalk of the parsley root protrudes upwards, while the stalk of the parsnip is slightly curved inwards.

A good turnip: These nutrients are in the parsley root

Parsley roots are not only consumed as food, but are also considered medicinal plants. The beet is full of nutrients. It includes, among other things:

Calcium: ensures healthy bones and teeth.
Iron: is responsible for blood formation.
Vitamin C: strengthens the immune system. With just 200 grams of parsley root we can cover 80% of our daily vitamin C requirement.
Essential oils: not only ensure the spicy-aromatic taste of the vegetables, but are also very healthy. Parsley roots contain, among other things, apiol, also called parsley camphor, which is said to have a diuretic, draining and blood-cleansing effect.
The consumption of parsley roots is therefore definitely recommended in winter if we want to strengthen our immune system. Thanks to the high content of apiol, the parsley root also has the reputation of being an effective home remedy for cystitis, as it has a diuretic effect.

Prepare parsley root tasty

Parsley root is a classic soup vegetable because its intense aroma provides a spicy taste. But parsley root can do much more than play a supporting role in stews. Before you try one of the many variants, the beet should be prepared as follows:
Peel the parsley root with a vegetable peeler
Cut off the ends
Hold the turnip briefly under running water and dry it.
Cut them into cubes, slices or sticks, depending on what you want to use them for.
After that, the parsley root is ready for the preparation of creamy soups and stews, for example, or you can boil it like carrots and then fry it in some organic butter or oil, use it for spreads, or prepare honey-glazed oven vegetables with it.

Other possible uses are:
Parsley root puree: Boil prepared parsley roots and potatoes (in a ratio of about 3:1) with some liquid (half water, half (vegan) organic milk) until cooked. Then add organic butter or a vegan alternative to the vegetables, add salt, pepper, nutmeg or other spices to taste and mash to a puree.
Parsley Root Chips: Thinly slice smaller parsley roots and heat oil in a pan. Add the chips, making sure they aren’t on top of each other. Fry them briefly on high, then reduce the heat to medium. Continue frying the slices, turning them from time to time, until they turn golden and crispy.

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Dried Apricots: Nutrients, Benefits and How to Best Taste Them

Dried apricots are rich in important nutrients and are real all-rounders. Here you can find out why dried fruit is so healthy and what you should look out for when buying it.

Dried apricots as a source of nutrients

Apricots are healthy fruits anyway. However, after they have been dried, the nutrient content is up to five times higher. Because when the water is removed, the mineral concentration in the fruit also increases.

Dried apricots contain large amounts of important vitamins and minerals:
Vitamin A (retinol) is good for your bones, eyes, skin and mucous membranes. The dried fruits contain so much of it that just three pieces of them can cover a large part of your daily requirement. They also contain a lot of beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A (hence also called provitamin A). It is not only responsible for the bright orange color of apricots, but is also converted into vitamin A in the body.
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) promotes concentration and the body’s own oxygen supply. It stimulates the metabolism and thus ensures that you feel fit. Dried apricots also contain many other B vitamins (vitamins B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6).
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is of great importance for our immune system. It also strengthens the connective tissue and ensures that iron is better absorbed in the intestine.
Potassium regulates blood pressure and cell growth. It also promotes muscle growth, which is why the mineral is very important for athletes. Hardly any food contains as much potassium as dried apricots.
Iron is important for the immune system, energy metabolism and oxygen transport. Women in particular often suffer from iron deficiency.

Where do the dried fruits come from?

The fruits probably originally come from Armenia, which is also indicated by the Latin name Prunus armeniaca. The apricots we eat are mainly grown in Turkey, Uzbekistan, Iran and Italy. Depending on the region, they are in season between May and September. The dried apricots are sold all year round and over 90% of them come from the Malatya region of Turkey. There the apricots are harvested, pitted and dried under the sun.

When buying, you should make sure that your apricots are organic. Then they were not sulphurized. You can tell by the color, because unsulphured apricots are brownish and no longer bright orange. Although the addition of sulfur preserves the beautiful color of the fruit, it destroys vitamins and can be harmful to health. The addition of sulfur is particularly dangerous for asthmatics, as it can trigger asthma attacks.

Enjoy dried apricots in many ways

The dried fruits can refine many dishes. For example, you can mix them in your muesli or use them in muesli bars. But they also taste good in a colorful salad with fresh vegetables and nuts.

In oriental cuisine, dried apricots are used not only for sweet but also for savory dishes, such as in a delicious couscous salad. Of course, the dried fruits are also suitable as a snack between meals and are therefore an alternative to unhealthy sweets. The snack is often popular with athletes in particular because it provides energy and fills you up. Like other dried fruits, dried apricots are also considered a suitable food during a detox regimen.

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This is What Makes Beetroot so Healthy: Information on Vitamins, Nutrients and Calories

Beetroot is high in healthy nutrients and vitamins and low in calories. Here you can find out what effects the beet can have on your health and how best to prepare it.

These nutrients make beets so healthy

Beetroot contains many vitamins and minerals and is quite low in calories. 100 grams of beetroot contain just 41 kilocalories.

Among other things, beetroot contains:
Folic acid, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C and beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A
the minerals potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphate, iron and zinc
Vitamins support the body in maintaining all bodily functions. Since they are essential, your body cannot produce them on its own and you have to get enough of them through food.

The vitamins in beetroot support important bodily functions such as visual performance, bone formation, protein metabolism and the function of your immune system. Folic acid plays a key role in blood formation and cell growth, and vitamin C supports the immune system and many of the body’s metabolic processes.

Like vitamins, minerals are essential and especially important for muscles, teeth and bones. In combination with vitamins, they keep your body running. Deficiency symptoms can have serious health effects.

Beetroot is high in antioxidants and helps with high blood pressure

The pigment betanin, which gives the beetroot its characteristic color, is one of the flavonoids (secondary plant substances). Antioxidant properties are attributed to betanin. According to the German Society for Nutrition (DGE), these support the cardiovascular system and prevent heart disease. In addition, the plant substances in the body should intercept free radicals.

Folic acid and iron are also significantly involved in the formation of red blood cells, which is why beetroot also has a positive effect on the blood balance. Beetroot also contains nitrate and nitrogen compounds, which some studies have shown may help fight high blood pressure and diabetes. Nitrate is converted into nitrite in the body, which is said to have a relaxing effect on blood vessels. In addition, beetroot is said to boost nitrogen production in the body in diabetics, which means that blood sugar can be better controlled.

Health note: Too much nitrate can be harmful to infants. You should therefore not eat beetroot. Also, people prone to kidney stones are advised not to consume too much beetroot as it contains a lot of oxalic acid. Oxalic acid is said to increase the risk of kidney stone formation.

In this way, the nutrients are retained during the preparation of beetroot

In order to preserve as many ingredients as possible, the beetroot should not be cooked for too long. It is best to prepare the beets without water. You can also use them raw in salads or as a vegetable side dish. If you would like to prepare the tuber warm, it is a good idea to cook it in the oven with the skin on and peel it later.

If you do want to cook the beetroot, there are a few things to keep in mind:
Always cook the beets with the peel so that fewer ingredients are lost.
You should not cut off the leaves and roots, just twist them off.
In boiling water, the beets will take about 30-45 minutes to soften.
Salt should only be added shortly before the end of the cooking time, otherwise it will take away the colour.

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