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Phosphates are all-rounders in the food industry and are contained in numerous foods. However, a high-phosphate diet carries health risks. You can read here which foods you should therefore remove from your diet.

Natural phosphates: essential substances for the body

Phosphates occur naturally in almost all foods and, according to the Apothekenumschau, are neither harmful nor toxic. Quite the opposite: They are energy carriers, an important part of cell membranes and are mostly located in the bones. In its natural form, the substance is strongly bound to animal or vegetable proteins.

Natural phosphate is found, for example, in wholemeal bread, egg yolk, meat and nuts. Without the mineral, our muscles would perish. The body absorbs only 50 percent of phosphates from plant foods and 70 percent from animal proteins.

It becomes problematic with artificial phosphates. These are mostly freely soluble and are usually completely absorbed. With processed convenience foods, the body is significantly damaged.

These foods can be replaced with lower phosphate products

Basically, experts advise healthy people, as well as people with kidney disease, to buy fresh food instead of ready meals. Flavor enhancers, cheese, sausage products and baking powder should therefore be avoided as much as possible.

Many phosphate-rich foods can easily be replaced with lower-phosphate products:
Use Brie or cream cheese instead of Emmental slices
Dilute cream with water instead of milk
White bread instead of whole grain bread
Lemonade and wine instead of beer and coke
Pretzel sticks instead of peanuts
Cornflakes instead of muesli
The Federal Institute for Risk Assessment criticizes the fact that there are no limit values ​​for phosphates in food supplements. Manufacturers add minerals in the form of phosphorus salts such as calcium and potassium phosphate to the preparations because the body cannot absorb pure calcium and potassium at all.

As a topping on bread or to gratinate dishes: sliced ​​cheese can be used in a variety of ways in the kitchen, but it is not particularly healthy. This is due to the high phosphate content.

Phosphate in sliced ​​cheese: These risks are eaten

While phosphate plays an important role in our musculoskeletal system, such as muscle movement or bone and tooth structure, an elevated phosphate level in the blood poses significant risks. In a healthy person, the kidneys normally ensure that the increased phosphate level drops again and is excreted in the urine.

However, if the kidneys have to do this too often or if there is a kidney disease, this mechanism no longer works properly and the phosphate continues to accumulate in the blood. The risk of heart attack and stroke increases due to changes in the inner walls of the vessels. In addition, skin and muscles age faster.

In addition, due to increased storage in our bones, it displaces the calcium that is important for stability, which results in an increased risk of osteoporosis.

Lack of transparency on the addition of phosphate: Where it is everywhere

According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the maximum level for phosphates that can be consumed without hesitation is 40 mg/kg body weight. Often, however, consumers can no longer explicitly track whether a finished product contains added phosphate, let alone how much.

Although the addition of phosphate is subject to labelling, there are exceptions. Labeling can be omitted if the phosphate was not added directly to the end product but was contained as an ingredient in a starting product. They are often also hidden as so-called preservatives or stabilizers, for example behind the following E numbers:
E338 – phosphoric acid
E339 – sodium phosphate
E340 – potassium phosphate
E341 – Calcium phosphate
E343 – magnesium phosphate
E450 – diphosphate
E451 – Triphosphate
E452 – polyphosphate
E442 – ammonium phosphatides
E541 – Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic

Healthier alternatives

The problem with industrially added phosphates is that they are hardly bound in the food and are therefore freely available. They go completely into our blood. Consumers can avoid this problem by switching to natural, unprocessed foods.

Meat, nuts and legumes deserve special mention here. Only a small proportion of the phosphate in these foods is freely available and absorbed by the blood, the rest is excreted undigested.

And those looking for burger alternatives might enjoy aged cheddar or can experiment with a variety of other cheeses that haven’t undergone extensive chemical processing. These are not only better for your health, but usually also packaged in a more environmentally friendly way.